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Revised Trauma Score (RTS) using coded Glasgow Coma Scale, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate to triage trauma patients and predict survival.
Clinical decision-support tool for qualified healthcare professionals. Results are not a diagnosis and should not replace professional clinical judgment.
RTS is a triage tool used in trauma systems. An RTS <4 predicts survival probability <70% and warrants consideration of transfer to a trauma center. Coding: GCS 13–15=4, 9–12=3, 6–8=2, 4–5=1, 3=0; SBP >89=4, 76–89=3, 50–75=2, 1–49=1, 0=0; RR 10–29=4, >29=3, 6–9=2, 1–5=1, 0=0.
Specialty
Emergency MedicineCategory
EmergencyDifficulty
Basic
Estimated Time
30 seconds
Version
1.0
Last Updated
2026-08-15
Formula
Keywords
Normal Range
0–7.8408
Provides an objective, coded measure of physiologic derangement in trauma patients for triage and outcome prediction.
The Revised Trauma Score weights coded values of three physiologic variables: RTS = 0.9368 x GCS code + 0.7326 x systolic BP code + 0.2908 x respiratory rate code. Each variable is converted to a 0-4 code before weighting; lower totals predict worse outcome.
GCS in points (3-15), coded 0-4 (>= 13 codes to 4, <= 3 codes to 0) with weight 0.9368.
Systolic blood pressure in mmHg, coded 0-4 (>= 90 codes to 4) with weight 0.7326.
Respiratory rate in breaths/min, coded 0-4 (10-29 codes to 4) with weight 0.2908.
RTS range 0–7.8408. An RTS below 4 is associated with a predicted survival below 70% and supports transfer to a trauma center. Values at the top of the range indicate minor physiologic derangement.
The Revised Trauma Score is a standard triage instrument in trauma systems worldwide, combining the three most prognostic physiologic parameters into a single weighted score.
A motor-vehicle collision patient has GCS 13, systolic blood pressure 110 mmHg, and respiratory rate 20/min.
Inputs:
Expected Result: RTS 7.8408 — minor physiologic derangement; standard trauma care.
It combines coded Glasgow Coma Scale, systolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate into a weighted physiologic score. Each variable is first converted to a 0-4 code, then weighted, giving a total between 0 and 7.8408. Lower totals indicate greater physiologic derangement and worse predicted survival. It is designed for trauma triage and outcome prediction, not for medical emergencies outside trauma.
The Glasgow Coma Scale is coded 4 for 13-15, 3 for 9-12, 2 for 6-8, 1 for 4-5, and 0 for 3. Systolic pressure is coded 4 above 89, 3 for 76-89, 2 for 50-75, 1 for 1-49, and 0 for 0. Respiratory rate is coded 4 for 10-29, 3 above 29, 2 for 6-9, 1 for 1-5, and 0 for 0.
An RTS below 4 is associated with a predicted survival probability below 70% and supports consideration of transfer to a trauma center. Values near the top of the range indicate only minor physiologic derangement. Because the score reflects a single time point, it must be repeated as the patient evolves, and resuscitation should never be delayed to calculate it.
Disclaimer: This calculator is intended for educational and clinical decision support purposes only. Trauma triage must integrate anatomic injury, mechanism, physiology, and institutional protocols.